See swinkan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for swinkan meaning in Proto-West Germanic (6.3kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*swinka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *swinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *swinka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "swinke",
"t": "to swivel, turn around"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: swinke (“to swivel, turn around”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: swinke (“to swivel, turn around”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"alt": "*swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *swinkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "swinken",
"t": "to pour out, spill",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Low German: swinken (“to pour out, spill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Low German: swinken (“to pour out, spill”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swinkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*swinken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *swinken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *swinken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zwinken",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "to swivel, turn around"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zwinken (“to swivel, turn around”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zwinken (“to swivel, turn around”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svinka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: svinka (“to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: svinka (“to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svinke",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to swing, sway"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: svinke (“to swing, sway”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: svinke (“to swing, sway”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swinkan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*swinkaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swinkaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *swinkaną, perhaps a secondary strong verb to lost iterative *swinkōną, from earlier paradigm *swinkōþi ~ *swingunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti, related to *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "swinku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swank",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swank",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swinkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swinkan",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to swing, sway"
],
"id": "en-swinkan-gmw-pro-verb-yW0HIICW",
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"sway",
"sway"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "swak"
},
{
"word": "swangijan"
},
{
"word": "swankijan"
},
{
"word": "swingan"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swinkan"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*swinka"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *swinka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *swinka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "swinke",
"t": "to swivel, turn around"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: swinke (“to swivel, turn around”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: swinke (“to swivel, turn around”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"alt": "*swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *swinkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "swinken",
"t": "to pour out, spill",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": ">? Middle Low German: swinken (“to pour out, spill”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": ">? Middle Low German: swinken (“to pour out, spill”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *swinkan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "*swinken"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: *swinken",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: *swinken"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "zwinken",
"qq": "dialectal",
"t": "to swivel, turn around"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: zwinken (“to swivel, turn around”) (dialectal)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: zwinken (“to swivel, turn around”) (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "svinka",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: svinka (“to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: svinka (“to swerve, evade, be untrustworthy”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "svinke",
"bor": "1",
"t": "to swing, sway"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: svinke (“to swing, sway”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: svinke (“to swing, sway”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "swinkan"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: swinkan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: swinkan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*swinkaną"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swinkaną",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti",
"name": "m+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Presumably from Proto-Germanic *swinkaną, perhaps a secondary strong verb to lost iterative *swinkōną, from earlier paradigm *swinkōþi ~ *swingunanþi, from pre-Proto-Germanic *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-nā́-ti ~ *swing⁽ʷ⁾ʰ-un-ánti, related to *swingan (“to swing”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gmw-infl-verb-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannjē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkannju",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"infinitive",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "swinku",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swank",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkiʀi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swank",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkand",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēþ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkēn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "swink",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swinkandī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "swunkan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "verb"
},
"expansion": "*swinkan",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gmw-infl-verb-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-West Germanic",
"lang_code": "gmw-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/swinkan",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "swak"
},
{
"word": "swangijan"
},
{
"word": "swankijan"
},
{
"word": "swingan"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-West Germanic class 3 strong verbs",
"Proto-West Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-West Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-West Germanic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-West Germanic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to swing, sway"
],
"links": [
[
"swing",
"swing"
],
[
"sway",
"sway"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "swinkan"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-West Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.